Future for personnel decentralise from former government central sectors or not...i do not know...
Sugar on Songran day..
Townships in the 21st Century
The federalist system of national, state and local governments is intended to not only delegate responsibility for dispensing services, but is also intended for local governments to guard against excessive power being exercised at the state level, in the same manner as the states are intended to reign in excessive power from the federal government.
How this system of government was intended to operate was best described by Alexis de Tocqueville, a 19th-century French scholar who visited America to learn how America functioned without a king. His analysis of American government, Democracy in America, was widely hailed for its objective, insightful critique of the checks and balances intended to prevent democracy from deteriorating into either “despotism” or the “tyranny of the majority.”
In Chapter V, Tocqueville focused on townships:
It is not without intention that I begin this subject with the township. The village or township is the only association which is so perfectly natural that, wherever a number of men are collected, it seems to constitute itself.
Existing Incentives for Local Government Efficiency
Michigan local governments must operate within state-imposed revenue limitations that local entities in other states do not have. Townships, in particular, are characteristically low-cost entities. Revenue limitations force townships to limit services and configure their operations with economy often first and foremost. Township official compensation is lower than that of other local government entities. They typically operate with minimal administrative overhead, and rely on community volunteers for many functions typically performed by employees in other entities.
Sharing services is far more prevalent than local governments are generally given credit for. Utilities are most commonly provided by intergovernmental contracts and through multi-unit authorities. Communities collaborate through mutual aid for emergency services and commonly discuss and resolve cooperatively issues that are of a concern to multiple entities.
Governing bodies of smaller entities are able to scrutinize expenditures to a degree that is impractical in larger entities. Budgets are more detailed, and the greater degree of legislative oversight results in more efficient use of government resources.
http://www.michigantownships.org/twpcritics.asp
Systematically evaluates changes in people management in one case study, the London Borough of Brent, as the major arena for the regulation of employment relations in local government moves from the national to the authority level. Considers the impact of upstream decisions on mission, purpose and structure and of downstream decisions on employment relations, as they relate to the structure of the personnel function, the role of line managers in personnel activities, the way staff are treated and the role of the unions, based upon a strategic choice model. Argues that there are, indeed, strong linkages between Brent’s upstream decision to become a “competitive market” authority and devolve decision making to business units and the dimensions of employment relations distinguished. However, the consequences of the upstream-downstream relationship were not necessarily as intended by the Borough, with some of the results having highly dysfunctional consequences for the organization.
http://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?articleid=879239&show=html
http://bestofmarketing.typepad.com/best_of_marketing/marketing-structure/
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http://www.michigantownships.org/default.asp
Representing 1,240 local units of government that govern over 96%of Michigan's land area, in which over 58% of Michigan's property values are located. Townships provide essential services to over 51% of Michigan's citizens, and deliver the best value for local services.
http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/lifestyle/travel/tale-of-two-cities-and-some-townships-29014857.html
http://www.easterntownships.org/news/329/townships-trail-unique-in-canada
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>> Data, Resources & Acknowledgements
DATA: Townships Roads Costs—Cook, Kane, Lake, Will, DuPage, McHenry (Excel)
DATA: Suburban Cook County Townships Roads—"Costs-Per-Mile" (Excel)
DATA: Suburban Cook County Townships Assets, Liabilities and Cash (Excel)
DOCS: IDOT Townships Study, 2008 (Document Cloud)
DOCS: "Local Democracy and the Townships of Illinois: A Report to the People," (PDF)
DOCS: "Township Government Essential or Expendable? The Case of Illinois and Cook County" (Document Cloud)
COMMUNITY OMBUDSMAN
Community Ombudsman: Help for grieving parents
Written by Brandi Barhite | Associate Editor | bbarhite@toledofreepress.com
First there were the grief-stricken parents of the young people killed in the shootings at Chardon High School on Feb. 27. Then, there were the parents of the Bowling Green State University sorority girls killed by the I-75 wrong-way driver March 2. The State of Ohio is still making national headlines for both tragedies, but eventually the media will move on and the parents will continue to grapple with one of the worst types of grief: the death of a child.
At Mercy, Media Relations Coordinator Sarah Velliquette said several services are offered to families who have lost a loved one.
- Mercy’s Remember Me: This program is put on in conjunction with Mercy St. Vincent’s and Mercy St. Charles. This is a support group for grieving parents that meets on the second Wednesday of the month from 7-9 p.m.
- A Time for You: This is specifically hosted at the Maternal-Child/Pediatric Palliative Care (MaCPac) offices at St. V’s and takes place every Friday afternoon from noon until 1 p.m. This is a group that offers listening and support.
- Individual/one-on-one grief counseling: This is set up through the MaCPac offices and is open to individuals, couples and families who have experienced a loss and want one-on-one services with a licensed counselor.
At ProMedica, Media Consultant Jared Meade said in an email that if a parent suffers the loss of a child, “we do have someone on staff available for them to talk with and then we would refer them to an outside organization.”
http://www.bettergov.org/investigations/why_townships_dont_add_up_part_three_costly_roads.aspx
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http://www.downsizinggovernment.org/alaskas-dependency-dc
USA
A county seat is an administrative center for a county or civil parish, primarily used in the United States. In the Northeast United States, the statutory term often is shire town, but colloquiallycounty seat is the term in use there. Parts of the Canadian Maritimes also use the term shire town. In England, Wales and Ireland, the term county town is used. This term is still sometimes used colloquially in Scotland and Northern Ireland, but today neither are divided into administrative counties – instead being divided, respectively, into council areas and districts. Louisiana usesparishes instead of counties, and the administrative center is a parish seat. Alaska is organized into "boroughs", which are large districts, and the administrative center is known as a borough seat.
http://www.toledofreepress.com/tag/mercy/
http://www.topgun.pro/test-editpad-new-100
http://gal2.piclab.us/key/organizational%20structure%20sears
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